Browsing by Author "Schott Verdugo, Eduardo"

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    Novel pillar-layered metal organic frameworks based on pyrazole-carboxylate linkers for CO2 adsorption
    (2023) Lancheros Sánchez, Andrés Fernando; Schott Verdugo, Eduardo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Química y Farmacia
    With an increasing global population and energy requirement, the concentration of greenhouse gases, especially CO2, grows rapidly in the atmosphere. One of the solutions to mitigate this problem is to develop materials that can effectively capture and store CO2. The conventional method relies on using amine solvents to bind to CO2 chemically, but it is still not widely accepted because of the price of its regeneration. Porous solid materials such as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have been suggested as CO2 adsorbents due to their-well defined molecular scale porosity, crystallinity, synthetic tunability, and high CO2 uptake capacity and selectivity. This Chemistry Ph.D. project first synthesized and characterized three novel carboxylate-pyrazole linkers (Ap, Bp, and Cp). Those linkers allowed the synthesis of novel MOFs using Zn(II)/Cu(II) metal nodes and 4,4’-bipyridine/DABCO pillaring linkers. Five MOFs were obtained, three from the Ap linker, one from Bp, and one from Cp. The carboxylate groups and pyridyl nitrogens are engaged in coordination bond formation with the metal node that propagates in generating 3D porous structures, and the pyrazole nitrogens remain free to interact with CO2. All the materials have shown excellent structural stability and crystallinity. The CO2 uptake was between 3.4-7.20% wt% at 273 K and 75 kPa. For Ap MOFs, changing the metal node from Zn(II) to Cu (II) and replacing the pillaring linker from 4,4’-bipyridine to DABCO makes it possible to increase CO2 adsorption. The isosteric enthalpy of adsorption (Hads) of CO2 adsorption for all of them was between 23-40 kJ/mol, making it more cost-effective for the MOF’s regeneration after CO2 storage. All five MOFs are good candidates for CO2 adsorption because of their stability, capture capabilities, and energy required for CO2 adsorption and regeneration.
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    Síntesis de productos químicos de alto valor agregado mediante reacciones One-Pot Tándem condensación/hidrogenación sobre catalizadores del tipo MOFS
    (2024) Pazo Carballo, César Alexander; Escalona Burgos, Néstor Guillermo; Schott Verdugo, Eduardo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Química
    La transformación catalítica de la biomasa se presenta como una ruta eficiente y selectiva para la generación de combustibles no convencionales y de productos químicos con valor agregado. El acoplamiento C-C de moléculas derivadas de la biomasa y posterior hidrogenación se ha planteado hoy día como una reto científico y novedoso. En este trabajo de tesis doctoral se estudió la actividad catalítica de las mallas metal-orgánicas (MOFs por sus siglas en inglés) sobre la condensación aldólica del benzaldehído y acetona sobre catalizadores mono- y bimetálicos-UiO-66 de Zr(IV), Hf(IV) y Ce(IV). Todos los catalizadores fueron sintetizados por el método solvotermal y se caracterizaron utilizando diversas técnicas analíticas. La actividad catalítica de las reacciones de condensación e hidrogenación se llevaron a cabo en un reactor discontinuo. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor actividad se observó sobre el Hf-UiO-66 debido al carácter oxofílico del metal, mostrando una mayor velocidad inicial de reacción para dar benzalacetona sin desactivar sus sitios activos. Efecto contrario se observó al cambiar el enlazador orgánico (ácido-2,5-piridin tereftálico) conllevando a cambios en la actividad catalítica y selectividad. En base a estos resultados, se seleccionó al Hf-UiO-66 como base del MOF con mejor potencial para su uso como soporte de las nanopartículas de ReOx- y ReOx-Pd. La caracterización fisicoquímica puso de manifiesto que las propiedades de estos materiales tras la adición con éxito de estas especies químicas, no alteró la cristalinidad del soporte microporoso. La evaluación catalítica de estos materiales en la hidrogenación de la benzalacetona mostró que todos presentan actividad catalítica con pequeñas variaciones en la selectividad hacia la formación de productos químicos de interés industrial. Finalmente, el ReOx-Pd/UiO-66 se evaluó en la reacción one-pot tándem condensación/hidrogenación mostrando actividad para ambas reacciones partiendo de la mezcla de sustratos benzaldehído/acetona.
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    Tunable optical properties of isoreticular UiO-67 MOFs for photocatalysis: a theoretical study
    (2024) Treto Suárez, Manuel A.; Hidalgo Rosa, Yoan; Saavedra Torres, Mario; Koivisto, Bryan D.; Mena Ulecia, Karel; Páez Hernández, Dayan; Zarate, Ximena; Schott Verdugo, Eduardo
    A theoretical study of the reported photocatalytic systems based on Zr-based MOF (UiO-67) with biphenyl-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acid (bpdc) and 2,2 '-bipyridine-5,5 '-dicarboxylic acid (bpydc) as linkers was performed. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to understand the optical properties of the materials and to facilitate the rational design of new UiO-67 derivatives with potentially improved features as photocatalysts under ambient conditions. Hence, the effect of the structural modifications on the optical properties was studied considering different designs based on the nature of the linkers: in 1 only the bpdc linker was considered, or the mixture 1 : 1 between bpdc and bpydc linkers (labeled as 1A). Also, substituents R, -NH2, and -SH, were included in the 1A MOF only over the bpdc linker (labeled as 1A-bpdc-R) and on both bpdc and bpydc linkers (labeled as 1A-R). Thus a family of six isoreticular UiO-67 derivatives was theoretically characterized using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations on the ground singlet (S0) and first excited states (singlet and triplet) using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT), multiconfigurational post-Hartree-Fock method via Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF). In addition, the use of periodic DFT calculations suggest that the energy transfer (ET) channel between bpdc and bpydc linkers might generate more luminescence quenching of 1A when compare to 1. Besides, the results suggest that the 1A-R (R: -SH and NH2) can be used under ambient conditions; however, the ET exhibited by 1A, cannot take place in the same magnitude in these systems. These ET can favor the photocatalytic reduction of a potential metal ion, that can coordinate with the bpydc ligand, via LMCT transition. Consequently, the MOF might be photocatalytically active against molecules of interest (such as H2, N2, CO2, among others) with photo-reduced metal ions. These theoretical results serve as a useful tool to guide experimental efforts in the design of new photocatalytic MOF-based systems., A theoretical computational protocol was performed to understand the optical properties, the deactivation mechanisms, and the substituent effect for a photocatalytic MOF-based system.