Capítulos de libros

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Browsing Capítulos de libros by browse.metadata.categoria "Ciencias sociales"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 72
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    Activismo de las personas con discapacidad. ¿Por qué es fundamental?
    (Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2024) Romero Rojas, Víctor Ignacio; Pino-Morán, Juan Andrés; Vera Fuente-Alba, Luis; Ramirez Fuentes, Jaime Francisco
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    Bringing Inequality Closer: A Comparative Urban Sociology of Socially Diverse Neighborhoods
    (2014) Ruiz-Tagle V., Javier
    This chapter addresses the issues of segregation and social mix by comparing two socially diverse neighbourhoods in Chicago (Cabrini Green and Near North) and Santiago (La Loma and La Florida area). It aims to understand how social relationships can be modified by a change in spatial configurations, questioning whether intergroup physical proximity triggers other processes of integration, notably functional, relational, and symbolic integration. Social mix leads to more amenities and some institutional change, but not to upward social mobility for the poor. Moreover, intergroup relationships in these socially mixed neighbourhoods are marked by fear, distrust, and avoidance and governed by increased material and symbolic competition. Ultimately, the physical proximity of social mix conceals the persistence of inequality and the forces that are actively maintaining segregation.
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    Cara y contracara de las modernizaciones del Transporte. Desarrollo urbano en torno al eje Gran Avenida Los Morros
    (RIL editores, 2018) Forray Claps, Maria Rosanna; Saavedra Martinez, Christian Alex; Castillo, Simón; Mardones, Marcelo; Vila, Waldo
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    Chile
    (Springer, 2020) De Amesti Mujica, José; Herrera Ponce, Maria Soledad; Madero Cabib, Ignacio
    During the last three decades Chile has experienced an unprecedented demographic transition due to increased life expectancy and decreased childbirth.This is expected to cause important challenges to economic, health and culturaldimensions among older people in Chile. Furthermore, this is a developing countrycharacterised by a liberal labour market and pension policies and by a male breadwinner culture-locating women in care and domestic tasks at the expense of labourmarket participation. This means that gender plays a key role in the challenges associated with an ageing population. We discuss public policies and recent academicresearch on the economic, health, and cultural dimensions of ageing in Chile
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    Clinical social work in Chile
    (2022) Muñoz-Guzmán, Carolina; Grau, María Olaya; González, Karla; Garrido López, Valentina
    Social work in Latin America has been framed by an ethical-political dimension committed to democracy and change in social structures to ensure social justice. This has put under dispute the possibilities of clinical social work, which has been defined as a reduced understanding of social problems in Latin America. The increasing complexity of people’s lives, related not only to poverty but to the convergence of many difficulties across life’s course, provides a disciplinary opportunity for social workers to innovate in ways to deliver effective tools and skills in coping with violence, addiction, mental health problems, discrimination, and exclusion. Thus, supplementing traditional social work practice in the region, with clinical social work as a specialised area of intervention, seems urgent. This chapter examines the contributions that clinical social work can make to reach social justice in Latin America, specifically in Chile. The discussion focuses on the need for a specialised professional training in clinical social work, one that acknowledges critical social work perspectives in order to avoid reductionism when understanding social problems.
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    ¿Cómo diseñar la experiencia en el aprendizaje para migrar del proyecto de diseño al diseño informado por investigación?
    (2020) Cárdenas Bayona, Lina Maria; Manns Gantz, Patricia Karina; Mollenhauer Gajardo, Katherine Alexandra
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    Comunicación y sostenibilidad en Chile: desde la filantropía hasta la relación con las comunidades.
    (CIESPAL, 2018) Matus Lobos, Pablo Ignacio
    El presente capítulo expone brevemente la evolución de los tópicos asociados con el desarrollo sostenible y su gestión —sobre todo comunicativa— en Chile, así como el estado actual del tema, desde el punto de vista académico y profesional. En la primera parte se describe la evolución de la sostenibilidad en Chile, con énfasis en las dimen-siones ambiental y social. Luego se da cuenta del modo en que el tema se gestiona en el país, tanto en pequeñas como en grandes empresas, se caracteriza al sector de la responsabilidad social, considerando a las organizaciones que la promueven, y se presentan casos emblemáticos de éxito en la gestión y comunicación de la sustenta-bilidad en la industria chilena. Luego se describe el imaginario de la responsabilidad social en Chile a partir de datos de estudios de opinión pública, sobre la cobertura periodística de las actividades empresariales y sobre la publicidad que habla de temas sociales y ambientales. Finalmente se reflexiona sobre la evolución de los conceptos empleados en el país para referirse al tema.
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    Concentration, Hold-up, and Information Revelation in Bank Lending: Evidence From Chilean Firms
    (2004) García Marín, Álvaro; Repetto Lisboa Andrea; Rodríguez, Sergio; Valdés, Rodrigo O.; Banco Central de Chile
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    Conclusions and recommendations
    (Taylor and Francis, 2023) Manen, Saskia M. van; Kremer Ramírez, Klaus Nicolás; Jaenichen, Claudine; Lin, Tingyi S.; Ramírez Andersen, Rodrigo Andrés
    This conclusion presents some closing thoughts of the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book emphasizes the importance of structurally including design in all of its guises, methodologies and perspectives as standard practice in emergency management. It points out, in order to enable design for emergency management, a broader culture of design needs to become established within government agencies. The book offers suggestions of partners who can be engaged in co-designing, such as for-profit entities in the retail sector. It also offers another creative solution to this conundrum by showcasing the value of collaborating with higher education institutes. The book examines how to mobilize people by showcasing the interplay of various communication aspects, that is text, imagery, and an auditory component, which work in harmony to foreground urgency in a warning, and are intended to assist the audience in sense making and subsequent action taking.
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    La consideración del ambiente en los planes urbanos para Caracas (1930-2000)
    (Ediciones de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, 1998) Almandoz, Arturo; Carillo, Róger J.
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    Cost of living
    (Routledge, 2022) Vergara Perucich, José Francisco; Aguirre Núñez, Carlos Andrés; Encinas Pino, Felipe Alfonso; Hidalgo Dattwyler, Rodrigo Alejandro; Truffello Robledo, Ricardo Enrique; Ladrón De Guevara Gonzales, Felipe Andrés
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    De Bruno Mars a Josquin des Prez. Archivos y reciclajes musicales en las eras de la imprenta e Internet
    (2023) Vera Aguilera, Alejandro; García, Miguel A.
    In recent years, the number of publications aimed at reflecting on the impact that new technologies have on the music field has grown. One of the most famous and interesting –although controversial– is the book Retromania by Simon Reynolds (2012). In this work, the author argues that “YouTube's gigantic collective archive” has caused unprecedented changes since the presence of the past in our lives has “insidiously” increased. In the field of pop and rock, this would have led to the development of the retro trend, characterized, among other things, by alluding to a close past, implying an exact memory of the original and including artifacts from popular (and not only “high”) culture. Drawing from Reynolds' reflections, this essay compares the phenomena observed in the mass popular music of recent years with trends already observed in the music of the written tradition of previous centuries (particularly the 16th and 17th centuries). It concludes that the phenomena described in Retromania are far from being unprecedented and that there has been, in history, a close relationship between the most far-reaching cultural changes, nostalgia for past music, and the development of new means to archive it.
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    Desarrollo económico e integral desde la perspectiva del capital social
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2019) Marinovic Guijon, Alejandra Cristina; Universidad San Sebastián; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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    Dinamicas urbanas en espacios fragiles: el caso de Pichilemu en el borde costero de la Región de O'Higgins
    (Instituto de Geografía de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2005) Andrade, Belisario; Arenas, Federico; Lagos López, Marcelo
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    El aporte metodológico del Diseño de Servicios a la innovación en servicios públicos
    (Centro de Políticas Públicas UC, 2018) Mollenhauer Gajardo, Katherine Alexandra; Figueroa C., Bernardita
    En la actualidad cada vez son más los países que tienen alguna iniciativa que, desde el alero del concepto de la innovación, hacen un llamado a la transformación de políticas y procesos públicos. En este marco, el Diseño de Servicios es una sub-disciplina del Diseño que de manera reciente ha comenzado a ser utilizada en el ámbito nacional, como forma de abordar el mejoramiento de servicios públicos. Partiendo desde definiciones conceptuales, en este artículo se definen, en primer lugar 5 principios esenciales de la metodología (centrado en el usuario, iterativo, co-creativo, interdisciplinario y holístico) los cuales se ponen a prueba a través del estudio de casos. Luego, se proponen 2 instrumentos que permiten medir la incidencia de estos principios en el desarrollo de un proyecto. Finalmente, se sugieren lineamientos sobre cómo comenzar a integrar el Diseño de Servicios en la innovación pública de nuestro país: generar conciencia gracias a la difusión del Diseño de Servicios y sus prácticas; fortalecer una Política Nacional de Diseño que incorpore al Diseño de Servicios; y reformular las bases de licitación de la compra pública para que internalicen los 5 principios del Diseño de Servicios a los proyectos que se enfoquen en las experiencias de los usuarios.
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    Environment as a new urban object
    (Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Universidad Central de Venezuela, 1992) Almandoz, Arturo
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    Escenarios de crecimiento en ciudades medias chilenas: lectura de trayectorias futuras para diferentes tipologías urbanas
    (Instituto de Geografía. Pontificia Universidad Católica, 2023) Henríquez, Cristián; Hidalgo, Rodrigo
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    Front-Line Social Workers’ Practices Under the Political and Sanitary Crisis in Chile
    (Springer International Publishing, 2022) Reininger, Taly; Muñoz Arce, Gianinna; Villalobos, Cristóbal; Wyman San Martin, Ignacio Andres
    In October 2019, mass civil protests erupted in Chile questioning the country’s vast and historically rooted inequalities and injustices. These protests, which sought structural changes to Chile’s neoliberal ethos, were abruptly brought to a halt by the arrival of COVID-19 in March 2020. The political, social, and economic impacts of the pandemic have only intensified the country’s historic inequalities and injustices, hitting hardest in areas with higher levels of vulnerability. Increased unemployment, food insecurity, violence, and mental health crises are only a few of the many issues social workers face in the current context. Furthermore, social distancing measures and forced quarantines have caused social programs to rapidly alter strategies to meet the needs of service users, requiring front-line professionals to adapt quickly. To examine and analyse these rapid changes in the delivery of social programs as well as their impact on front-line professionals, a mixed-methods study was undertaken that included the application of an online survey and follow-up interviews with front-line social workers. We found that social workers reported greater workloads and employment precarity within the current context, that programs were changed to meet the immediate tangible needs of individuals and families, and that changes were primarily designed in a nonparticipatory and centralised manner. This chapter analyses the study’s results and discusses the challenges social work faces in the current and future context.