Artículos de conferencia

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Browsing Artículos de conferencia by browse.metadata.categoriaods "12 Producción y consumo responsables"

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    Acrylamide mitigation in potato chips by using NaCl
    (Springer Nature, 2010) Pedreschi Plasencia, Franco; Granby, Kit; Risum, Jørgen
    In April 2002, Swedish researchers shocked the world when they presented preliminary findings on the presence of acrylamide in fried and baked foods, most notably potato chips and French fries, at levels of 30-2,300 ppb. The objective of this research was to study the effect of immersing potato slices in a NaCl solution over the acrylamide formation in the resultant potato chips. Potato slices (Verdi variety, diameter 40 mm, width 2.0 mm) were fried at 170 A degrees C for 5 min (final moisture content of similar to 2.0%). Prior to frying, the potato slices were treated in one of the following ways: (1) control slices (unblanched or raw potato slices); (2) slices blanched at 90 A degrees C for 5 min in water; (3) slices blanched at 90 A degrees C for 5 min plus immersed in a 1 g/100 g NaCl solution at 25 A degrees C for 5 min; (4) slices blanched at 90 A degrees C for 5 min plus immersed in a 3 g/100 g NaCl solution at 25 A degrees C for 5 min; (5) slices blanched at 90 A degrees C for 5 min plus immersed in distilled water at 25 A degrees C for 5 min; and (6) slices blanched at 90 A degrees C for 5 min in a 3 g/100 g NaCl solution. Blanching followed by the immersion of potato slices in 1 g/100 g NaCl solution was effective in reducing acrylamide content in similar to 62%; however, almost half of this percentage (similar to 27%) could be attributed to the effect of NaCl and 35% to the effect of the slight heating treatment during salt immersion step (25 A degrees C for 5 min). Blanching seems to make the NaCl diffusion in potato tissue easier leading to a significant acrylamide reduction in the potato slices after frying.
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    Development of a prefabricated arched slab system for a pedestrian pathway: a sustainable strategy in the Huasco landscape, Chile
    (International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS), 2024) Calvo, Cristián; Moreno Flores, Osvaldo; Eugenin Soto, Claudia; Loyola Fernández, Estefanía Francisca
    This paper presents a case study on the development of a pedestrian pathway in Huasco, Chile, with the aim of reconciling construction practices with environmental conservation. The study is situated in a context that demands mitigation measures for a mine tailings deposit site. A novel, eco-conscious construction methodology is introduced. Prefabricated arched slabs are a sustainable alternative to traditional foundation blocks. They are specifically designed to minimize disturbance on the region's vulnerable rocky terrain. The methodology involves designing and fabricating an arched slab. This slab is designed to rest on the ground with minimal intrusion, thereby preserving the topsoil. A novel material innovation in this methodology is the partial replacement of cement with mine tailings, reducing the dependency on conventional cement and promoting the recycling of industrial waste. A two-module arched slab prototype has been successfully assembled under controlled laboratory conditions. This prototype serves as an evaluation of the practicality and effectiveness of newly proposed materials and techniques. The concrete mix, which incorporates mine tailings, was assessed, and found to be a structurally sound and environmentally friendly alternative. The article describes the process of designing and fabricating a prototype and highlights the potential of such sustainable practices in contemporary construction methods. It suggests that if these innovative techniques were more widely adopted, they could transform the fields of ecological architecture and landscaping.
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    Justicia socio-ambiental y sostenibilidad en el crecimiento de las ciudades medias de Chillán y Los Ángeles (Chile)
    (2009) Henríquez, Cristián; Arenas, Federico; Romero Aravena, Hugo; Azócar Garcia, Gerardo
    El cambio en los patrones de crecimiento urbano de algunas ciudades medias latinoamericanas se ha caracterizado por el paso raudo de una morfología compacta, propia de la ciudad colonial, a una estructura fragmentada que acentúa no solo las diferencias sociales, sino también ambientales, entre sus diferentes áreas. El proceso de reestructuración urbana de estas ciudades se puede clasificar como no sustentable, en la medida que favorece la segregación social, el consumo de recursos y la degradación del medio ambiente. Las evidencias de que los sectores sociales más vulnerables reciben en forma desproporcionada los efectos ambientales adversos han llevado a plantear la necesidad de recuperar el concepto de justicia socio-ambiental en la configuración de la ciudad actual, caracterizada por las enormes diferencias entre los grupos más acomodados, que disfrutan de mejores amenidades ambientales en el periurbano, y que a la vez producen fuertes impactos sobre el medio, y los grupos más desposeídos que viven en condiciones de alta vulnerabilidad natural y social. El objetivo de esta comunicación es caracterizar este fenómeno en las ciudades de Chillán y Los Ángeles, considerando como ilustraciones de la falta de justicia socioambiental e insostenibilidad urbana la segregación social, la pérdida de suelo agrícola y la ocurrencia de inundaciones.