Tackling Health Inequities in Chile: Maternal, Newborn, Infant, and Child Mortality Between 1990 and 2004
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Date
2009
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
Abstract
Objectives. We analyzed trends in maternal, newborn, and child mortality in Chile between 1990 and 2004, after the introduction of national interventions and reforms, and examined associations between trends and interventions.
Methods. Data were provided by the Chilean Ministry of Health on all pregnancies between 1990 and 2004 (approximately 4000000). We calculated yearly maternal mortality ratios, stillbirth rates, and mortality rates for neonates, infants (aged >28 days and <1 year), and children aged 1 to 4 years. We also calculated these statistics by 5-year intervals for Chile's poorest to richest district quintiles.
Results. During the study period, the maternal mortality ratio decreased from 42.1 to 18.5 per 100000 live births. The mortality rate for neonates decreased from 9.0 to 5.7 per 1000 births, for infants from 7.8 to 3.1 per 1000 births, and for young children from 3.1 to 1.7 per 1000 live births. The stillbirth rate declined from 6.0 to 5.0 per 1000 births. Disparities in these mortality statistics between the poorest and richest district quintiles also decreased, with the largest mortality reductions in the poorest quintile.
Conclusions. During a period of socioeconomic development and health sector reforms, Chile experienced significant mortality and inequity reductions. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1220-1226. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.143578)
Methods. Data were provided by the Chilean Ministry of Health on all pregnancies between 1990 and 2004 (approximately 4000000). We calculated yearly maternal mortality ratios, stillbirth rates, and mortality rates for neonates, infants (aged >28 days and <1 year), and children aged 1 to 4 years. We also calculated these statistics by 5-year intervals for Chile's poorest to richest district quintiles.
Results. During the study period, the maternal mortality ratio decreased from 42.1 to 18.5 per 100000 live births. The mortality rate for neonates decreased from 9.0 to 5.7 per 1000 births, for infants from 7.8 to 3.1 per 1000 births, and for young children from 3.1 to 1.7 per 1000 live births. The stillbirth rate declined from 6.0 to 5.0 per 1000 births. Disparities in these mortality statistics between the poorest and richest district quintiles also decreased, with the largest mortality reductions in the poorest quintile.
Conclusions. During a period of socioeconomic development and health sector reforms, Chile experienced significant mortality and inequity reductions. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1220-1226. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.143578)
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Keywords
LATIN-AMERICA, SURVIVAL 1, INEQUALITIES, CARE, TRENDS, REFORM