Characterization of amniotic fluid sludge in preterm and term gestations

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dc.contributor.authorPedro Kusanovic, Juan
dc.contributor.authorJung, Eunjung
dc.contributor.authorRomero, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorGreen, Pooja Mittal
dc.contributor.authorNhan-Chang, Chia-Ling
dc.contributor.authorVaisbuch, Edi
dc.contributor.authorErez, Offer
dc.contributor.authorKim, Chong Jai
dc.contributor.authorGoncalves, Luis F.
dc.contributor.authorEspinoza, Jimmy
dc.contributor.authorMazaki-Tovi, Shali
dc.contributor.authorChaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn
dc.contributor.authorDiaz-Primera, Ramiro
dc.contributor.authorYeo, Lami
dc.contributor.authorSuksai, Manaphat
dc.contributor.authorGotsch, Francesca
dc.contributor.authorHassan, Sonia S.
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T21:09:38Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T21:09:38Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractObjective To describe the characteristics of amniotic fluid sludge obtained from patients in term and preterm gestations. Methods This cross-sectional study included patients with dense aggregates of particulate matter detected in amniotic fluid, observed with transvaginal sonography. All patients were in labor and had an impending delivery, either preterm or at term. Echogenic material contained within amniotic fluid was retrieved transvaginally by needle amniotomy under direct visualization. The amniotic fluid analysis consisted of a Gram stain, cultures for aerobic/anaerobic bacteria and genital mycoplasmas, and a white blood cell count. Results Twenty-five patients ranging from 18 to 41 weeks of gestation were included in the study. We observed the following: (1) the appearance of amniotic fluid was consistent with pus-like material, vernix, or meconium by naked eye examination; (2) samples collected before 33 weeks of gestation (n = 13) had a pus-like appearance; however, after this gestational age, most of the samples [83% (10/12)] appeared to be consistent with vernix; (3) amniotic fluid cultures were positive for microorganisms in 13 patients, of which 10 were preterm gestations before 33 weeks; (4) the most frequent microorganisms retrieved by culture were genital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum [46% (6/13)]), followed by Mycoplasma hominis [31% (4/13)] and Candida albicans [15% (2/13)]; and (5) patients with sonographic particulate matter in preterm gestations frequently presented acute histologic chorioamnionitis and funisitis, but these conditions were rare in patients at term. Conclusion The nature of amniotic fluid particulate material varies as a function of gestational age. The material obtained in preterm gestations is frequently related to an inflammatory process, while that obtained at term is often consistent with vernix and appears to represent a maturational process.
dc.fuente.origenWOS
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/14767058.2022.2053102
dc.identifier.eissn1476-4954
dc.identifier.issn1476-7058
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2022.2053102
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/93537
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000780486700001
dc.issue.numero25
dc.language.isoen
dc.pagina.final9779
dc.pagina.inicio9770
dc.revistaJournal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectAmniocentesis
dc.subjectcongenital dermatitis
dc.subjectintra-amniotic infection
dc.subjectmeconium
dc.subjectvernix
dc.subject.ods05 Gender Equality
dc.subject.ods03 Good Health and Well-being
dc.subject.odspa05 Igualdad de género
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titleCharacterization of amniotic fluid sludge in preterm and term gestations
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen35
sipa.indexWOS
sipa.trazabilidadWOS;2025-01-12
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