Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of a Generic Acceptability Questionnaire to Spanish
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Date
2025
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Abstract
To adapt and validate the generic TFA acceptability questionnaire to Spanish. Methods. In the initial phase of this two-phase observational study, a translation and adaptation of the original instrument was performed. The second phase con-sisted of applying this version to 194 older adults after a pilot hearing screening and a standard preventive medical examination. Construct validity was assessed by Exploratory Factor Analysis, and internal consistency with McDonald’s omega (ω). Results. Both procedures yielded the same two-factor solution. The first factor comprised items related to “affective attitude”, “perceived effectiveness”, “inter-vention coherence”, and “self-efficacy”; the second factor included items on “ethi-cality” and “opportunity costs”. The item ‘burden’ was removed due to its lack of significant factor loadings. The first factor accounted for 18.96% of the variance of the hearing screening and 26.28% of the preventive medical examination; the second accounted for 14.97% and 20.44%, respectively. Regarding reliability, the instrument demonstrated an ω = 0.61 for the hearing screening and ω = 0.73 for the preventive medical examination. Conclusion. The final instrument comprises six items evaluating specific acceptability constructs and one item addressing overall acceptability. It features a two-factor underlying structure, demonstrating high external reliability and acceptable internal consistency.
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Keywords
Aged, Factor analysis, Implementation science, Mass screening, Patient acceptance of health care, Patient preference, Patient satisfaction, Primary health care, Surveys and question-naires, Validation study