Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIII. HCO<SUP>+</SUP> and Disk Ionization Structure

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dc.contributor.authorAikawa, Yuri
dc.contributor.authorCataldi, Gianni
dc.contributor.authorYamato, Yoshihide
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Ke
dc.contributor.authorBooth, Alice S.
dc.contributor.authorFuruya, Kenji
dc.contributor.authorAndrews, Sean M.
dc.contributor.authorBae, Jaehan
dc.contributor.authorBergin, Edwin A.
dc.contributor.authorBergner, Jennifer B.
dc.contributor.authorBosman, Arthur D.
dc.contributor.authorCleeves, L. Ilsedore
dc.contributor.authorCzekala, Ian
dc.contributor.authorGuzman, Viviana V.
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Jane
dc.contributor.authorIlee, John D.
dc.contributor.authorLaw, Charles J.
dc.contributor.authorLe Gal, Romane
dc.contributor.authorLoomis, Ryan A.
dc.contributor.authorMenard, Francois
dc.contributor.authorNomura, Hideko
dc.contributor.authorOberg, Karin, I
dc.contributor.authorQi, Chunhua
dc.contributor.authorSchwarz, Kamber R.
dc.contributor.authorTeague, Richard
dc.contributor.authorTsukagoshi, Takashi
dc.contributor.authorWalsh, Catherine
dc.contributor.authorWilner, David J.
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T22:05:54Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T22:05:54Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractWe observed HCO+ J = 1 - 0 and (HCO+)-C-13 J = 1 - 0 emission toward the five protoplanetary disks around IM Lup, GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480 as part of the MAPS project. HCO+ is detected and mapped at 0.'' 3 resolution in all five disks, while (HCO+)-C-13 is detected (S/N > 6 sigma) toward GM Aur and HD 163296 and tentatively detected (S/N > 3 sigma) toward the other disks by a matched filter analysis. Inside a radius of R similar to 100 au, the HCO+ column density is flat or shows a central dip. At outer radii (greater than or similar to 100 au), the HCO+ column density decreases outward, while the column density ratio of HCO+/CO is mostly in the range of similar to 10(-5)-10(-4). We derived the HCO+ abundance in the warm CO-rich layer, where HCO+ is expected to be the dominant molecular ion. At R greater than or similar to 100 au, the HCO+ abundance is similar to 3 x 10(-11) - 3 x 10(-10), which is consistent with a template disk model with X-ray ionization. At the smaller radii, the abundance decreases inward, which indicates that the ionization degree is lower in denser gas, especially inside the CO snow line, where the CO-rich layer is in the midplane. Comparison of template disk models with the column densities of HCO+, N2H+, and N2D+ indicates that the midplane ionization rate is greater than or similar to 10(-18) s(-1) for the disks around IM Lup, AS 209, and HD 163296. We also find hints of an increased HCO+ abundance around the location of dust continuum gaps in AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
dc.fuente.origenWOS
dc.identifier.doi10.3847/1538-4365/ac143c
dc.identifier.eissn1538-4365
dc.identifier.issn0067-0049
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac143c
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/94175
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000714225800001
dc.issue.numero1
dc.language.isoen
dc.revistaAstrophysical journal supplement series
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.titleMolecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIII. HCO<SUP>+</SUP> and Disk Ionization Structure
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen257
sipa.indexWOS
sipa.trazabilidadWOS;2025-01-12
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