Multi-proxy analyses of a mid-15th century Middle Iron Age Bantu-speaker palaeo-faecal specimen elucidates the configuration of the ‘ancestral’ sub-Saharan African intestinal microbiome.

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dc.contributor.authorRifkin, Riaan F.
dc.contributor.authorRamond, Jean-Baptiste.
dc.contributor.authorVikram, Surendra.
dc.contributor.authorRey-Iglesia, Alba.
dc.contributor.authorBrand, Tina B.
dc.contributor.authorPorraz, Guillaume.
dc.contributor.authorVal, Aurore.
dc.contributor.authorHall, Grant.
dc.contributor.authorWoodborne, Stephan.
dc.contributor.authorLe Bailly, Matthieu.
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-18T14:24:19Z
dc.date.available2020-05-18T14:24:19Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.date.updated2020-05-14T07:24:49Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background The archaeological incidence of ancient human faecal material provides a rare opportunity to explore the taxonomic composition and metabolic capacity of the ancestral human intestinal microbiome (IM). Here, we report the results of the shotgun metagenomic analyses of an ancient South African palaeo-faecal specimen. Methods Following the recovery of a single desiccated palaeo-faecal specimen from Bushman Rock Shelter in Limpopo Province, South Africa, we applied a multi-proxy analytical protocol to the sample. The extraction of ancient DNA from the specimen and its subsequent shotgun metagenomic sequencing facilitated the taxonomic and metabolic characterisation of this ancient human IM. Results Our results indicate that the distal IM of the Neolithic ‘Middle Iron Age’ (c. AD 1460) Bantu-speaking individual exhibits features indicative of a largely mixed forager-agro-pastoralist diet. Subsequent comparison with the IMs of the Tyrolean Iceman (Ötzi) and contemporary Hadza hunter-gatherers, Malawian agro-pastoralists and Italians reveals that this IM precedes recent adaptation to ‘Western’ diets, including the consumption of coffee, tea, chocolate, citrus and soy, and the use of antibiotics, analgesics and also exposure to various toxic environmental pollutants. Conclusions Our analyses reveal some of the causes and means by which current human IMs are likely to have responded to recent dietary changes, prescription medications and environmental pollutants, providing rare insight into human IM evolution following the advent of the Neolithic c. 12,000 years ago. Video Abtract.
dc.identifier.citationMicrobiome. 2020 May 06;8(1):62
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s40168-020-00832-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00832-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/28919
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000533415400001
dc.issue.numeroNo. 62
dc.language.isoen
dc.pagina.final23
dc.pagina.inicio1
dc.revistaMicrobiomees_ES
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.subjectAncient DNAes_ES
dc.subjectHuman evolutiones_ES
dc.subjectMolecular ecologyes_ES
dc.subjectIntestinal microbiomees_ES
dc.subjectTaxonomic compositiones_ES
dc.subjectMetabolic capacityes_ES
dc.subject.ddc572.8633
dc.subject.deweyBiologíaes_ES
dc.subject.ods03 Good health and well-being
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titleMulti-proxy analyses of a mid-15th century Middle Iron Age Bantu-speaker palaeo-faecal specimen elucidates the configuration of the ‘ancestral’ sub-Saharan African intestinal microbiome.es_ES
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumenVol. 8
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