Vocabulario crítico para recuperación y aceleración de aprendizajes en ciencias y matemáticas en 2° y 3° básico
Loading...
Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
En este estudio se buscó identificar el vocabulario académico general y disciplinar relevante para el logro de los objetivos curriculares de matemáticas y de ciencias naturales de segundo y tercero básico, y construir pruebas para evaluar su dominio. Para ello se realizó un análisis de las palabras presentes en los materiales curriculares, que se codificaron según tipo y objetivos de aprendizaje. Posteriormente se realizó una selección de palabras para evaluar según frecuencia y relevancia para los objetivos. Para estas palabras se desarrollaron preguntas receptivas y productivas que fueron sometidas al juicio de dos expertos en didáctica de las matemáticas y tres expertos en didáctica de las ciencias, a partir del cual se diseñaron las pruebas piloto. Estas pruebas fueron administradas a 43 estudiantes de segundo básico y 34 de tercero básico en dos escuelas subvencionadas de Santiago. Un análisis psicométrico básico mostró que las tres pruebas tienen buena consistencia interna, y un análisis de correlaciones con pruebas de logro de matemáticas y ciencias administradas por las escuelas aportó evidencia de su validez. Se discuten implicancias prácticas de este estudio para la recuperación y aceleración de aprendizajes a través de la enseñanza del vocabulario académico.
The study aimed to identify general and disciplinary academic vocabulary relevant to achieving curricular educational objectives in Math and Sciences for 2nd and 3rd grade in Chile, and to develop tests to assess mastery of this vocabulary as well. An analysis of the most frequent academic words present in curriculum materials for those subjects and grades was conducted. Academic words found in the materials were coded according to their type (general academic words, math academic words, science academic words) and the learning objective to which they were associated. Subsequently, a subset of words was selected to be tested in children. The selection was conducted based on word frequency and word relevance for the attainment of the educational objective. Receptive and productive tests were developed and subjected to be assessed by two math education experts and two science education experts, from which the pilot tests were designed and then administered to 43 second graders and 34 third graders in two subsidized schools in Santiago. A basic psychometric analysis showed that tests present a good internal consistency, and their correlation with the schools’ standardized Science and Math tests was significant and medium-sized. Implications for learning acceleration and recovery through assessment and teaching of disciplinary vocabulary are discussed.
The study aimed to identify general and disciplinary academic vocabulary relevant to achieving curricular educational objectives in Math and Sciences for 2nd and 3rd grade in Chile, and to develop tests to assess mastery of this vocabulary as well. An analysis of the most frequent academic words present in curriculum materials for those subjects and grades was conducted. Academic words found in the materials were coded according to their type (general academic words, math academic words, science academic words) and the learning objective to which they were associated. Subsequently, a subset of words was selected to be tested in children. The selection was conducted based on word frequency and word relevance for the attainment of the educational objective. Receptive and productive tests were developed and subjected to be assessed by two math education experts and two science education experts, from which the pilot tests were designed and then administered to 43 second graders and 34 third graders in two subsidized schools in Santiago. A basic psychometric analysis showed that tests present a good internal consistency, and their correlation with the schools’ standardized Science and Math tests was significant and medium-sized. Implications for learning acceleration and recovery through assessment and teaching of disciplinary vocabulary are discussed.
Description
Keywords
Vocabulario disciplinar, Vocabulario académico, Currículum, Textos escolares, Academic vocabulary, Disciplinary vocabulary, Curriculum, School texts